Sleep is the third pillar of health, along with diet and exercise,” says Dr Michael Breus. “Over the past five years we’ve definitely seen a heightened level of awareness of the importance of sleep. More people are now valuing their sleep and starting to understand why they need it.”

A consultant, researcher, author and media spokesperson, Breus is known as ‘the sleep doctor’ in America and is one of the nation’s most eminent sleep experts. He’s heavily involved with sleep research and runs a private practice in Los Angeles. Now, in partnership with Six Senses, he’s entered the wellness industry for the first time.

Dream team
Breus believes spas are well placed to help people with sleep issues, since most services promote relaxation, which leads to better sleep. “This was a great opportunity for me to use my skills to do something different,” he says. “Anna Bjurstam, Six Senses’ VP of spas and wellness, offered me a blank canvas to create the perfect sleep environment [and a spa sleep programme] and we took a comprehensive approach.”

Research shows environments are important to how well people sleep, so Breus personally hand-picked the Naturalmat mattresses, taking into account the structural support to minimise lower back pain, he also chose Hanse organic pillows and duvets which are best for breathability and temperature regulation – an important consideration as the spas are in different locations – and organic cotton sheets. Other touches include towelling and bathrobes from the Madison Collection.

The Sleep With Six Senses programme launched in September 2016 and the idea is that guests at all 11 Six Senses resorts will eventually benefit from the perfectly curated bedrooms as standard and that all future openings will have them in place from day one. At least two specialist sleep ambassadors at each property, educated by Breus, have been trained to give individuals an assessment to help improve their sleep. “We take into account their arrival time, so if people are jetlagged we can give them specific recommendations to recover and take the maximum advantage of the stay,” says Breus. “Then their sleep is assessed and we look at ways it can be improved. For example, if it shows up that stress is affecting an individual’s sleep, we’ll arrange for them to have an aromatherapy massage just before bed. All guests have access to a video library, where I’ve answered the 20 most frequently asked questions about sleep.”

Guests who want to learn more can upgrade their package – US$165 (€135, £118) for the first night and US$30 (€26, £22) a night thereafter – to include a Sleep Bag and Withings Aura Sleep Tracker/App. The bag has sleep aids such as bamboo fibre pyjamas, ear plugs, eye mask, Organic Pharmacy bathroom amenities and a worry journal. The results from the sleep app are reviewed in a 30-minute consultation and a variety of spa services will be put together to promote the best sleep possible. Such treatments could include the Sleep Well Journey by Subtle Energies available at select properties (see opposite).

Bjurstam adds: “Our sleep programme has been a success, to say the least, not only for the uptake and interest from guests, but with the results they’re getting. We’ve found the personalised education on how to improve their sleep has long lasting effects, with guests reporting that they’ve been able to combat their long standing sleep problems once back home.”

Three quarters of sleep disorders derive from lifestyle, she says: “We found one of our guests was dehydrated, because she didn’t like the taste of water. By finding solutions to make her drink more, her sleep dramatically improved.”

Although not every spa can go as far as Six Senses in supporting sleeping habits, Breus says research shows much of what the industry offers already can be very helpful. “Anything which helps relaxation, mindfulness and serenity will be positive for sleep,” he says. “Spas could help people learn practises and habits which promote better sleep, such as meditation, muscle relaxation exercises, yogic positions and simple massage training.”

Changing lifestyles
Breus says spas could also help educate guests about the lifestyle factors which interrupt sleep, for example, technology use. “It’s important to have an electronic curfew for one hour before bed,” he says. “Checking emails, or social media, activates the mind which is the opposite of what we want before going to sleep. Research has also shown that staring at the blue and white light emitted from digital screens prevents your brain from releasing melatonin, which lets your body know that it’s time for sleep.

“There’s no on/off switch for sleep, it’s a process which we all need to embrace. We should have a power down hour before bed: 20 minutes getting ready for the next day, 20 minutes on hygiene and 20 minutes doing a relaxing activity, like reading, meditating or deep breathing.”

The amount of sleep needed depends on the individual, some people need nine hours, but others only six and a half, so it’s important for people to work out what’s the optimum for them. “One of the biggest problems is the lack of consistency with our bed time and wake up time,” says Breus. “Most people will sleep in on the weekend, which has a negative effect. Also people often go to bed too early: they might feel tired, but their internal biological clock isn’t ready to sleep.”

New discoveries
Research into sleep is moving at quite a pace and new discoveries are constantly being made. Breus praises the research into circadian rhythms by Jeffrey C Hall, Michael Rosbach and Michael W Young, which last year won the Nobel prize for medicine. This research might eventually provide the answer of how to tackle insomnia. The scientists found all plants, animals and humans adapt their biological rhythm to synchronise with the Earth’s revolutions, but a genetic mutation has been found in people with chronic sleep problems which impedes this process.

Going forward, Breus says he’s very interested in finding out more about chronotypes and lucid dreaming, but he predicts the next major change in the treatment of sleep problems will be the widespread use of light therapy. This involves sitting near a light box first thing in the morning which mimics outdoor light, but without ultraviolet rays. This can help the individual’s circadian rhythm adjust. Commercially available light bulbs can also do the same thing and these are used in the Six Senses rooms.

According to Breus, sleep problems aren’t necessarily on the rise, but rather they’re finally getting the attention they deserve and moves are being taken to address them. “Until we get people understanding how to lose weight we’ll never get sleep apnea under control,” he says. “But with insomnia we’re starting to see more people using alternative methods of treatment, such as yoga, meditation, relaxation and supplements, which is encouraging.”